Blood test abbreviations, A to Z

On routine reports

The abbreviations on the most common tests and panels. Every other name is under its letter above.

• 25(OH)DVitamin D (25-Hydroxy)The main form of vitamin D circulating in your blood, and the standard way to check your vitamin D status.
• A/GAlbumin/Globulin (A/G) RatioA calculated comparison of two groups of blood proteins, albumin and globulins. It is one clue about the liver, kidneys and immune system.
• A/G ratioAlbumin/Globulin (A/G) RatioA calculated comparison of two groups of blood proteins, albumin and globulins. It is one clue about the liver, kidneys and immune system.
• A1cHemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)A1c shows your average blood sugar over about the past 2 to 3 months, based on how much glucose is stuck to your hemoglobin.
• ABGArterial Blood Gas (ABG)Lab panelArterial pH, gases, oxygen saturation and acid-base values.
• ACRUrine Albumin/Creatinine Ratio (uACR)Compares albumin, a protein, with creatinine in a urine sample to show whether your kidneys are letting protein leak into urine.
• AECEosinophils (Absolute)The number of eosinophils, white blood cells that take part in allergies and fight some parasites, in each microliter of your blood.
• AGRAlbumin/Globulin (A/G) RatioA calculated comparison of two groups of blood proteins, albumin and globulins. It is one clue about the liver, kidneys and immune system.
• ALATAlanine Aminotransferase (ALT)An enzyme made mostly in liver cells. It leaks into the blood when liver cells are irritated or damaged.
• ALBAlbuminThe main protein in blood plasma. Made by the liver, it keeps fluid inside your blood vessels and carries many substances.
• ALCLymphocytes (Absolute)The actual number of lymphocytes, immune cells that help fight viruses and remember germs, in a given amount of blood.
• ALK PHOSAlkaline Phosphatase (ALP)An enzyme made mostly in your liver, bile ducts and bones. Its blood level gives clues about those tissues.
• ALKPAlkaline Phosphatase (ALP)An enzyme made mostly in your liver, bile ducts and bones. Its blood level gives clues about those tissues.
• ALPAlkaline Phosphatase (ALP)An enzyme made mostly in your liver, bile ducts and bones. Its blood level gives clues about those tissues.
• ALTAlanine Aminotransferase (ALT)An enzyme made mostly in liver cells. It leaks into the blood when liver cells are irritated or damaged.
• AMCMonocytes (Absolute)The number of monocytes in a microliter of blood. Monocytes are white blood cells that clear debris and help fight infection.
• ANCNeutrophils (Absolute)The number of neutrophils in a microliter of blood. Neutrophils are your most common white blood cell and a first line of defense against germs.
• Anti-TPOThyroid Peroxidase Antibodies (TPO)Antibodies aimed at an enzyme in the thyroid. They are linked to autoimmune thyroid conditions such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
• ApoBApolipoprotein B (ApoB)ApoB counts the cholesterol-carrying particles that can build up in artery walls, which can add detail beyond your LDL cholesterol number.
• ApoB-100Apolipoprotein B (ApoB)ApoB counts the cholesterol-carrying particles that can build up in artery walls, which can add detail beyond your LDL cholesterol number.
• ASATAspartate Aminotransferase (AST)An enzyme found mainly in the liver, and also in muscle and heart. Raised blood levels can be a sign of damage to those cells.
• ASTAspartate Aminotransferase (AST)An enzyme found mainly in the liver, and also in muscle and heart. Raised blood levels can be a sign of damage to those cells.
• B12Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)Measures the vitamin B12 in your blood. Your nerves and red blood cells need B12, so this is the usual first check of your B12 status.
• B9Folate (Vitamin B9), SerumMeasures folate (vitamin B9) in your blood. It mostly reflects what you ate recently, and it helps explain anemia and low folate intake.
• BASO#Basophils (Absolute)The number of basophils, the rarest white blood cell, in each microliter of your blood. Basophils take part in allergic reactions.
• BASO%Basophils (Percent)The share of your white blood cells that are basophils, the rarest white cell type, which takes part in allergic reactions.
• BLDUrine Blood (Dipstick)A dipstick check for blood in your urine. It reacts to red blood cells, hemoglobin and myoglobin, so a positive result is usually followed by a microscope check.
• BMPBasic Metabolic Panel (BMP)Lab panelGlucose, kidney markers, electrolytes and calcium.
• BUNBlood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)BUN is a waste product from protein breakdown that your kidneys clear from the blood, so it gives a rough read on kidney function and hydration.
• BUN/CrBUN/Creatinine RatioA calculated comparison of your BUN with your creatinine that clinicians use as one clue to why a kidney-related number is high or low.
• CaCalcium, TotalTotal calcium is the amount of calcium in your blood. It supports your nerves, muscles, heart and bones, and it is on most routine panels.
• Ca totalCalcium, TotalTotal calcium is the amount of calcium in your blood. It supports your nerves, muscles, heart and bones, and it is on most routine panels.
• CBCComplete Blood Count (CBC) Without DifferentialLab panelRed cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, red cell indices, total white cell count and platelets.
• CblVitamin B12 (Cobalamin)Measures the vitamin B12 in your blood. Your nerves and red blood cells need B12, so this is the usual first check of your B12 status.
• CCMHMean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC)How concentrated the hemoglobin is inside your red blood cells, which shows how pale or dense they are.
• cFTTestosterone, FreeThe small part of your testosterone that isn't attached to proteins. Results depend heavily on the lab method, so compare only with a range for the same method.
• CHCMMean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC)How concentrated the hemoglobin is inside your red blood cells, which shows how pale or dense they are.
• CHOLTotal CholesterolThe total amount of cholesterol in your blood, counting HDL, LDL and VLDL together. It is one piece of the lipid panel.
• Chol/HDLTotal Cholesterol / HDL RatioYour total cholesterol divided by your HDL ("good") cholesterol. Some labs print it as a single number that sums up your cholesterol balance.
• ClChlorideChloride is a salt mineral in your blood. It works with sodium to balance fluids and acid, and it is part of the basic and comprehensive metabolic panels.
• CMPComprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP)Lab panelGlucose, kidney function, electrolytes, calcium, proteins, bilirubin and liver enzymes.
• CO2Bicarbonate (Total CO2)Bicarbonate, often printed as CO2 or total CO2, gives a clue about your body's acid-base balance. It is part of most routine blood panels.
• CORTCortisolThe main stress hormone made by your adrenal glands. It follows a daily rhythm, so the time of your blood draw matters when reading the result.
• CREACreatinineCreatinine is a muscle waste product that your kidneys filter out, so the level in your blood is one of the main tools for checking kidney function.
• CRPC-Reactive Protein (CRP, incl. hs-CRP)A protein your liver makes when the body has inflammation. Standard CRP helps check for infection or injury, and hs-CRP is used in heart-risk checks.
• DHEA-SDHEA Sulfate (DHEA-S)A hormone made by your adrenal glands that your body uses to make sex hormones. It peaks in your twenties and falls with age, so ranges depend on age and sex.
• DHEA-SO4DHEA Sulfate (DHEA-S)A hormone made by your adrenal glands that your body uses to make sex hormones. It peaks in your twenties and falls with age, so ranges depend on age and sex.
• dLDL-CLDL CholesterolThe cholesterol carried in LDL particles, which can build up in artery walls. It is the main cholesterol number used to estimate heart and blood vessel risk.
• E2Estradiol (E2)The main estrogen in women of childbearing age. It rises and falls through the menstrual cycle and drops after menopause.
• eGFReGFR (Creatinine-based)An estimate of how well your kidneys filter blood, worked out from your creatinine, age and sex.
• eGFRcreGFR (Creatinine-based)An estimate of how well your kidneys filter blood, worked out from your creatinine, age and sex.
• EGOUrinalysis, Complete (With Microscopy)Lab panelPhysical and dipstick urine exam plus microscopic sediment.
• ENA 6Extractable Nuclear Antigen (ENA) PanelLab panelSpecific nuclear antibodies for lupus, Sjogren, scleroderma and myositis.
• EO#Eosinophils (Absolute)The number of eosinophils, white blood cells that take part in allergies and fight some parasites, in each microliter of your blood.
• EO%Eosinophils (Percent)The share of your white blood cells that are eosinophils, a cell type involved in allergies and in fighting some parasites.
• Eos%Eosinophils (Percent)The share of your white blood cells that are eosinophils, a cell type involved in allergies and in fighting some parasites.
• EVFHematocritThe share of your blood made up of red blood cells, shown as a percent. It usually moves together with hemoglobin.
• FBCCBC With Differential/PlateletLab panelRed cells, hemoglobin, white cells with the five-part differential (percent and absolute), and platelets.
• FBGGlucoseGlucose is the sugar in your blood and your body's main fuel. This test shows how much is there at the moment the sample is drawn.
• FBSGlucoseGlucose is the sugar in your blood and your body's main fuel. This test shows how much is there at the moment the sample is drawn.
• FeIron, SerumThe amount of iron travelling in your blood at the moment of the draw. It swings with meals, supplements and the time of day.
• FERRFerritinA protein that stores iron in your cells. The small amount in your blood reflects how much iron your body has in reserve.
• FPGGlucoseGlucose is the sugar in your blood and your body's main fuel. This test shows how much is there at the moment the sample is drawn.
• FSHFollicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)A pituitary hormone that helps run the menstrual cycle in women and sperm production in men. It rises after menopause.
• FT3Free T3 (Free Triiodothyronine)The unattached, active form of the thyroid hormone T3, which drives how fast your cells use energy. It is usually checked after TSH and free T4.
• FT4Free T4 (Free Thyroxine)The unattached, ready-to-use part of thyroxine (T4), the main hormone your thyroid makes. It shows how much thyroid hormone is available to your body.
• Gamma-GTGamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT)A liver and bile duct enzyme. A higher level can be linked to alcohol, some medicines, fatty liver or bile duct problems.
• GGTGamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT)A liver and bile duct enzyme. A higher level can be linked to alcohol, some medicines, fatty liver or bile duct problems.
• GGTPGamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT)A liver and bile duct enzyme. A higher level can be linked to alcohol, some medicines, fatty liver or bile duct problems.
• GHbHemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)A1c shows your average blood sugar over about the past 2 to 3 months, based on how much glucose is stuck to your hemoglobin.
• GlobGlobulin, TotalThe proteins in your blood other than albumin, including antibodies. Most reports calculate it as total protein minus albumin.
• GLUGlucoseGlucose is the sugar in your blood and your body's main fuel. This test shows how much is there at the moment the sample is drawn.
• GOTAspartate Aminotransferase (AST)An enzyme found mainly in the liver, and also in muscle and heart. Raised blood levels can be a sign of damage to those cells.
• GPTAlanine Aminotransferase (ALT)An enzyme made mostly in liver cells. It leaks into the blood when liver cells are irritated or damaged.
• HbHemoglobinThe oxygen-carrying protein in your red blood cells. It is the main number used to check for anemia.
• HbA1cHemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)A1c shows your average blood sugar over about the past 2 to 3 months, based on how much glucose is stuck to your hemoglobin.
• HCMMean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH)How much hemoglobin, on average, each of your red blood cells carries.
• HCO3Bicarbonate (Total CO2)Bicarbonate, often printed as CO2 or total CO2, gives a clue about your body's acid-base balance. It is part of most routine blood panels.
• HCTHematocritThe share of your blood made up of red blood cells, shown as a percent. It usually moves together with hemoglobin.
• HcyHomocysteineHomocysteine is an amino acid your body clears with B vitamins. Higher levels can reflect low B12 or folate, kidney function, age or genetics.
• HDLHDL CholesterolHDL cholesterol is the cholesterol carried in HDL particles. Low levels are linked to more heart risk, but very high levels aren't clearly protective.
• HDL-CHDL CholesterolHDL cholesterol is the cholesterol carried in HDL particles. Low levels are linked to more heart risk, but very high levels aren't clearly protective.
• HgbHemoglobinThe oxygen-carrying protein in your red blood cells. It is the main number used to check for anemia.
• HgbA1cHemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)A1c shows your average blood sugar over about the past 2 to 3 months, based on how much glucose is stuck to your hemoglobin.
• hs-CRPC-Reactive Protein (CRP, incl. hs-CRP)A protein your liver makes when the body has inflammation. Standard CRP helps check for infection or injury, and hs-CRP is used in heart-risk checks.
• hTSHTSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone)A hormone from the pituitary gland that tells your thyroid how much hormone to make. It is the test most often ordered first to check your thyroid.
• ICSHLuteinizing Hormone (LH)A pituitary hormone that triggers ovulation in women and tells the testes to make testosterone in men. It surges mid-cycle.
• IGF-1IGF-1 (Insulin-like Growth Factor 1)A protein your liver makes in response to growth hormone. It's a steady signal of growth hormone activity, and usual levels vary a lot with age and sex.
• IGF-IIGF-1 (Insulin-like Growth Factor 1)A protein your liver makes in response to growth hormone. It's a steady signal of growth hormone activity, and usual levels vary a lot with age and sex.
• IGRAQuantiFERON-TB Gold PlusLab panelInterferon-gamma release assay result with antigen and mitogen tube values.
• INSInsulinInsulin is the hormone that moves sugar from your blood into your cells. This test shows how much is in your blood, usually after fasting.
• IRIInsulinInsulin is the hormone that moves sugar from your blood into your cells. This test shows how much is in your blood, usually after fasting.
• KPotassiumPotassium is a mineral that helps your nerves, muscles and heart work. This test shows how much is in your blood.
• KETUrine Ketones (Dipstick)A dipstick check for ketones, which your body makes when it burns fat for energy. Fasting, low-carb eating and illness can all raise it.
• KFTKidney Function Test (KFT / RFT)Lab panelIndian-style kidney panel that prints urea and BUN side by side, plus creatinine, uric acid, minerals and electrolytes.
• LDLLDL CholesterolThe cholesterol carried in LDL particles, which can build up in artery walls. It is the main cholesterol number used to estimate heart and blood vessel risk.
• LDL-CLDL CholesterolThe cholesterol carried in LDL particles, which can build up in artery walls. It is the main cholesterol number used to estimate heart and blood vessel risk.
• LDL-cholLDL CholesterolThe cholesterol carried in LDL particles, which can build up in artery walls. It is the main cholesterol number used to estimate heart and blood vessel risk.
• LEUrine Leukocyte Esterase (Dipstick)A dipstick check for an enzyme from white blood cells. A positive result can be a sign of inflammation in the urinary tract, such as a UTI.
• LEUUrine Leukocyte Esterase (Dipstick)A dipstick check for an enzyme from white blood cells. A positive result can be a sign of inflammation in the urinary tract, such as a UTI.
• LHLuteinizing Hormone (LH)A pituitary hormone that triggers ovulation in women and tells the testes to make testosterone in men. It surges mid-cycle.
• Lp(a)Lipoprotein(a), mass (mg/dL)A cholesterol-carrying particle like LDL with an extra protein attached. Your level is mostly set by your genes and stays fairly steady through life.
• Lp(a)Lipoprotein(a), molar (nmol/L)A cholesterol-carrying particle like LDL with an extra protein attached, counted in nmol/L. Your level is mostly set by your genes and stays fairly steady.
• LYM#Lymphocytes (Absolute)The actual number of lymphocytes, immune cells that help fight viruses and remember germs, in a given amount of blood.
• LYM%Lymphocytes (Percent)The share of your white blood cells that are lymphocytes, immune cells that help fight viruses, shown as a percent.
• Lymph#Lymphocytes (Absolute)The actual number of lymphocytes, immune cells that help fight viruses and remember germs, in a given amount of blood.
• Lymph%Lymphocytes (Percent)The share of your white blood cells that are lymphocytes, immune cells that help fight viruses, shown as a percent.
• MCHMean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH)How much hemoglobin, on average, each of your red blood cells carries.
• MCHCMean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC)How concentrated the hemoglobin is inside your red blood cells, which shows how pale or dense they are.
• MCVMean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)The average size of your red blood cells. It helps show whether they run smaller or larger than usual.
• MgMagnesiumMagnesium is a mineral your muscles, nerves and heart need. A blood test shows only a small part of your body's total supply.
• Mono#Monocytes (Absolute)The number of monocytes in a microliter of blood. Monocytes are white blood cells that clear debris and help fight infection.
• Mono%Monocytes (Percent)The share of your white blood cells that are monocytes. The absolute monocyte count is usually the more useful number.
• MPVMean Platelet Volume (MPV)The average size of your platelets, the small blood cells that help your blood clot.
• NaSodiumSodium is the main salt in your blood. This test shows how well your body balances water and salt.
• Neut#Neutrophils (Absolute)The number of neutrophils in a microliter of blood. Neutrophils are your most common white blood cell and a first line of defense against germs.
• Neut%Neutrophils (Percent)The share of your white blood cells that are neutrophils. The absolute neutrophil count is usually the more useful number.
• NHDL-CNon-HDL CholesterolAll the cholesterol in your blood except HDL. It is total cholesterol minus HDL, and it counts every particle that can build up in artery walls.
• NITUrine Nitrite (Dipstick)Checks for nitrite, a chemical some urinary bacteria make. A positive result can be an early clue to a urinary tract infection.
• non-HDLNon-HDL CholesterolAll the cholesterol in your blood except HDL. It is total cholesterol minus HDL, and it counts every particle that can build up in artery walls.
• Non-HDL-CNon-HDL CholesterolAll the cholesterol in your blood except HDL. It is total cholesterol minus HDL, and it counts every particle that can build up in artery walls.
• OGTTOral Glucose Tolerance Test, 2-Hour (75 g)Lab panelFasting and timed glucose values after a 75 g glucose drink.
• PCVHematocritThe share of your blood made up of red blood cells, shown as a percent. It usually moves together with hemoglobin.
• PLTPlatelet CountThe number of platelets, the small blood cells that help your blood clot, in a sample of your blood.
• PROUrine Protein (Dipstick)A strip test that gives a rough estimate of the protein in your urine, reported as negative, trace, or 1+ to 4+.
• PROTUrine Protein (Dipstick)A strip test that gives a rough estimate of the protein in your urine, reported as negative, trace, or 1+ to 4+.
• PSAPSA, Total (Prostate-Specific Antigen)A protein made by the prostate gland. Blood levels rise with age, prostate enlargement, inflammation and sometimes prostate cancer.
• PT/PTTCoagulation PanelLab panelBasic clotting times with fibrinogen and platelet count.
• Pus cellsUrine White Blood Cells (WBC)The number of white blood cells seen in a urine sample under a microscope. A few are common. More can be a sign of infection or irritation in the urinary tract.
• RBCRed Blood Cell CountThe number of red blood cells in a sample of your blood. These cells carry oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body.
• RBC/HPFUrine Red Blood Cells (RBC)Counts red blood cells in your urine under a microscope or analyzer, per high-power field (HPF). A few can be usual.
• RBSGlucoseGlucose is the sugar in your blood and your body's main fuel. This test shows how much is there at the moment the sample is drawn.
• RCCRed Blood Cell CountThe number of red blood cells in a sample of your blood. These cells carry oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body.
• RDWRed Cell Distribution Width (RDW-CV)How much your red blood cells vary in size. A higher number means a wider mix of small and large cells.
• RDW-CVRed Cell Distribution Width (RDW-CV)How much your red blood cells vary in size. A higher number means a wider mix of small and large cells.
• RFTKidney Function Test (KFT / RFT)Lab panelIndian-style kidney panel that prints urea and BUN side by side, plus creatinine, uric acid, minerals and electrolytes.
• SCrCreatinineCreatinine is a muscle waste product that your kidneys filter out, so the level in your blood is one of the main tools for checking kidney function.
• SECUrine Squamous Epithelial CellsA count of flat skin-type cells in a urine sample. A few are common. Many usually mean the sample picked up cells from the skin around the urethra.
• SGUrine Specific GravityHow concentrated your urine is compared with plain water. It mostly reflects how much fluid you've had and how well your kidneys balance water.
• SGOTAspartate Aminotransferase (AST)An enzyme found mainly in the liver, and also in muscle and heart. Raised blood levels can be a sign of damage to those cells.
• SGPTAlanine Aminotransferase (ALT)An enzyme made mostly in liver cells. It leaks into the blood when liver cells are irritated or damaged.
• SHBGSex Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG)A protein made by your liver that carries testosterone and estradiol in your blood. It helps set how much of each hormone is free to act.
• Sm-CIGF-1 (Insulin-like Growth Factor 1)A protein your liver makes in response to growth hormone. It's a steady signal of growth hormone activity, and usual levels vary a lot with age and sex.
• Sp GrUrine Specific GravityHow concentrated your urine is compared with plain water. It mostly reflects how much fluid you've had and how well your kidneys balance water.
• SPESerum Protein Electrophoresis (SPEP)Lab panelSerum protein fractions with interpretation and any monoclonal spike.
• SPEPSerum Protein Electrophoresis (SPEP)Lab panelSerum protein fractions with interpretation and any monoclonal spike.
• Sq EpiUrine Squamous Epithelial CellsA count of flat skin-type cells in a urine sample. A few are common. Many usually mean the sample picked up cells from the skin around the urethra.
• Squam EpiUrine Squamous Epithelial CellsA count of flat skin-type cells in a urine sample. A few are common. Many usually mean the sample picked up cells from the skin around the urethra.
• SUAUric AcidUric acid is a waste product from breaking down purines. High levels can lead to gout or kidney stones in some people.
• T BILIBilirubin, TotalA yellow pigment made when old red blood cells break down. Your liver clears it, so the level reflects red cell turnover and bile flow.
• TAGTriglyceridesA type of fat in your blood that carries energy from food. It rises after meals, and high levels are linked to heart disease and, when very high, pancreatitis.
• TBILBilirubin, TotalA yellow pigment made when old red blood cells break down. Your liver clears it, so the level reflects red cell turnover and bile flow.
• TCTotal CholesterolThe total amount of cholesterol in your blood, counting HDL, LDL and VLDL together. It is one piece of the lipid panel.
• TC/HDLTotal Cholesterol / HDL RatioYour total cholesterol divided by your HDL ("good") cholesterol. Some labs print it as a single number that sums up your cholesterol balance.
• TCholTotal CholesterolThe total amount of cholesterol in your blood, counting HDL, LDL and VLDL together. It is one piece of the lipid panel.
• TCMHMean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH)How much hemoglobin, on average, each of your red blood cells carries.
• TCO2Bicarbonate (Total CO2)Bicarbonate, often printed as CO2 or total CO2, gives a clue about your body's acid-base balance. It is part of most routine blood panels.
• TeBGSex Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG)A protein made by your liver that carries testosterone and estradiol in your blood. It helps set how much of each hormone is free to act.
• TECEosinophils (Absolute)The number of eosinophils, white blood cells that take part in allergies and fight some parasites, in each microliter of your blood.
• TFGeeGFR (Creatinine-based)An estimate of how well your kidneys filter blood, worked out from your creatinine, age and sex.
• TGPAlanine Aminotransferase (ALT)An enzyme made mostly in liver cells. It leaks into the blood when liver cells are irritated or damaged.
• tHcyHomocysteineHomocysteine is an amino acid your body clears with B vitamins. Higher levels can reflect low B12 or folate, kidney function, age or genetics.
• TIBCTotal Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC)How much iron your blood's carrier protein, transferrin, could hold in total. It usually rises when iron stores are low.
• Total TTestosterone, TotalCounts all the testosterone in your blood, both free and protein-bound. Usual levels differ a lot by sex, age and the time of day of the draw.
• Total-CTotal CholesterolThe total amount of cholesterol in your blood, counting HDL, LDL and VLDL together. It is one piece of the lipid panel.
• TPProtein, TotalThe total amount of protein in your blood, mainly albumin and globulin. It is read together with albumin and your liver and kidney tests.
• TPOAbThyroid Peroxidase Antibodies (TPO)Antibodies aimed at an enzyme in the thyroid. They are linked to autoimmune thyroid conditions such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
• TProtProtein, TotalThe total amount of protein in your blood, mainly albumin and globulin. It is read together with albumin and your liver and kidney tests.
• tPSAPSA, Total (Prostate-Specific Antigen)A protein made by the prostate gland. Blood levels rise with age, prostate enlargement, inflammation and sometimes prostate cancer.
• TRIGTriglyceridesA type of fat in your blood that carries energy from food. It rises after meals, and high levels are linked to heart disease and, when very high, pancreatitis.
• TSATTransferrin SaturationThe percentage of your blood's iron-carrying protein that is loaded with iron right now, worked out from serum iron and TIBC.
• TSBBilirubin, TotalA yellow pigment made when old red blood cells break down. Your liver clears it, so the level reflects red cell turnover and bile flow.
• TSHTSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone)A hormone from the pituitary gland that tells your thyroid how much hormone to make. It is the test most often ordered first to check your thyroid.
• U-RBCUrine Red Blood Cells (RBC)Counts red blood cells in your urine under a microscope or analyzer, per high-power field (HPF). A few can be usual.
• U&ERenal Function PanelLab panelBasic metabolic panel plus phosphorus and albumin.
• U&EUrea and Electrolytes (U&E)Lab panelUK and Commonwealth kidney panel: sodium, potassium, urea, creatinine and eGFR.
• UA NitriteUrine Nitrite (Dipstick)Checks for nitrite, a chemical some urinary bacteria make. A positive result can be an early clue to a urinary tract infection.
• UA pHUrine pHShows how acidic or alkaline your urine is. It moves with diet and some medicines, and it is not the same as your blood pH.
• uACRUrine Albumin/Creatinine Ratio (uACR)Compares albumin, a protein, with creatinine in a urine sample to show whether your kidneys are letting protein leak into urine.
• UBGUrine Urobilinogen (Dipstick)A byproduct of bilirubin that normally shows up in small amounts in urine. A dipstick gives a rough check of it as part of a urinalysis.
• UDSUrine Drug ScreenLab panelImmunoassay screen for common drug classes; positives need confirmation.
• UREA NBlood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)BUN is a waste product from protein breakdown that your kidneys clear from the blood, so it gives a rough read on kidney function and hydration.
• UROUrine Urobilinogen (Dipstick)A byproduct of bilirubin that normally shows up in small amounts in urine. A dipstick gives a rough check of it as part of a urinalysis.
• USGUrine Specific GravityHow concentrated your urine is compared with plain water. It mostly reflects how much fluid you've had and how well your kidneys balance water.
• VB12Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)Measures the vitamin B12 in your blood. Your nerves and red blood cells need B12, so this is the usual first check of your B12 status.
• VBGVenous Blood Gas (VBG)Lab panelVenous pH, gases and acid-base values.
• VCMMean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)The average size of your red blood cells. It helps show whether they run smaller or larger than usual.
• VGMMean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)The average size of your red blood cells. It helps show whether they run smaller or larger than usual.
• Vit B12Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)Measures the vitamin B12 in your blood. Your nerves and red blood cells need B12, so this is the usual first check of your B12 status.
• Vit B9Folate (Vitamin B9), SerumMeasures folate (vitamin B9) in your blood. It mostly reflects what you ate recently, and it helps explain anemia and low folate intake.
• VitDVitamin D (25-Hydroxy)The main form of vitamin D circulating in your blood, and the standard way to check your vitamin D status.
• VPMMean Platelet Volume (MPV)The average size of your platelets, the small blood cells that help your blood clot.
• WBCWhite Blood Cell CountThe total number of white blood cells, the immune cells that fight infection, in a small sample of your blood.
• WBC/HPFUrine White Blood Cells (WBC)The number of white blood cells seen in a urine sample under a microscope. A few are common. More can be a sign of infection or irritation in the urinary tract.
• WCCWhite Blood Cell CountThe total number of white blood cells, the immune cells that fight infection, in a small sample of your blood.
• γ-GTGamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT)A liver and bile duct enzyme. A higher level can be linked to alcohol, some medicines, fatty liver or bile duct problems.