Diabetes Panel

The 17 tests in this panel

What each one measures and the range labs usually print for adults. Ranges differ a little between labs, so the range on your own report is the one your result is judged against.

• Glucose

  Glucose is the sugar in your blood and your body's main fuel. This test shows how much is there at the moment the sample is drawn.

  Adults

  70–99 mg/dL

• Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)

  A1c shows your average blood sugar over about the past 2 to 3 months, based on how much glucose is stuck to your hemoglobin.

  Adults

  4.8–5.6 %

• Estimated Average Glucose (eAG)

  eAG restates your A1C in the same units as a glucose test, to show roughly what your average blood sugar has been over about 3 months.

  Adults

  up to 116 mg/dL

• Insulin

  Insulin is the hormone that moves sugar from your blood into your cells. This test shows how much is in your blood, usually after fasting.

  Adults

  2.6–24.9 µIU/mL

• C-Peptide

  C-peptide is released along with insulin, so it shows how much insulin your own pancreas is making, even if you take insulin.

  Adults

  0.8–3.9 ng/mL

• Urine Albumin/Creatinine Ratio (uACR)

  Compares albumin, a protein, with creatinine in a urine sample to show whether your kidneys are letting protein leak into urine.

  Adults

  0–30 mg/g

• Urine Albumin (Microalbumin), Random

  How much albumin, a blood protein, is in a single urine sample. The number depends on how diluted your urine is, so it is usually read with creatinine.

• Urine Creatinine, Random

  How much creatinine, a muscle waste product, is in one urine sample. It shows how concentrated the urine is and is used to correct other urine results.

  18+

  16–326 mg/dL

• Creatinine

  Creatinine is a muscle waste product that your kidneys filter out, so the level in your blood is one of the main tools for checking kidney function.

  Men, 15+

  0.74–1.35 mg/dL

  Women, 16+

  0.59–1.04 mg/dL

• eGFR (Creatinine-based)

  An estimate of how well your kidneys filter blood, worked out from your creatinine, age and sex.

  18+

  60 and above mL/min/1.73 m²

• Total Cholesterol

  The total amount of cholesterol in your blood, counting HDL, LDL and VLDL together. It is one piece of the lipid panel.

  20+

  up to 199 mg/dL

• HDL Cholesterol

  HDL cholesterol is the cholesterol carried in HDL particles. Low levels are linked to more heart risk, but very high levels aren't clearly protective.

  19+

  40 and above mg/dL

• Triglycerides

  A type of fat in your blood that carries energy from food. It rises after meals, and high levels are linked to heart disease and, when very high, pancreatitis.

  20+

  up to 149 mg/dL

• LDL Cholesterol

  The cholesterol carried in LDL particles, which can build up in artery walls. It is the main cholesterol number used to estimate heart and blood vessel risk.

  20+

  up to 99 mg/dL

• VLDL Cholesterol

  The cholesterol carried in VLDL particles, which move triglycerides through your blood. Most labs estimate it by dividing triglycerides by 5.

  Adults

  up to 30 mg/dL

• Non-HDL Cholesterol

  All the cholesterol in your blood except HDL. It is total cholesterol minus HDL, and it counts every particle that can build up in artery walls.

  20+

  up to 129 mg/dL

• Total Cholesterol / HDL Ratio

  Your total cholesterol divided by your HDL ("good") cholesterol. Some labs print it as a single number that sums up your cholesterol balance.

  Adults

  up to 4.9 ratio